City Planning Review（2024.10）

♦ RESILIENT INTERACTION LOGIC AND RESPONSE PATH BETWEEN CITIES WITHIN A METROPOLITAN AREA

Author：WANG Wenbin; WEI Pengfei

ABSTRACT:Promoting positive interactions among cities within the metropolitan area is not only fundamental to creating a modernized urban network, but also crucial for promoting coordinated regional development. The “diffusion-return effect” focuses on the diverse impacts of a certain economic entity on neighboring regions. This concept can be applied to analyze the interaction network between the core and peripheral cities in a metropolitan area. This study introduces the theory of resilient governance to build a framework for resilient interactions between cities in the metropolitan area. It finds that resilient interaction between cities in metropolitan areas follows the logic of structural symbiosis, functional complementarity, resource allocation, and shared benefits. The hierarchical city scale, flexible industrial division, diffusion of innovative advantages, and inclusive public services are key factors explaining the resilient interaction between the core and peripheral cities in the metropolitan area. Finally, based on practice, the resilient interaction pattern between cities within the metropolitan area should be optimized in terms of government guidance, industrial support, digital empowerment, and cultural cohesion.

KEYWORDS: resilient governance; modern metropolitan area; regional coordinated development; new urbanization

♦ AN EXPLORATION ON THE JUSTICIABILITY OF REGULATORY DETAILED PLANNING

Author：ZHAO Li

ABSTRACT:The debates on the justiciability of regulatory detailed planning primarily focus on whether it is a specific act or an abstract administrative act, its maturity, and its appropriateness for judicial review. The non-specific nature of the regulatory detailed planning and the indirect nature of its legal effect determine it as an abstract administrative act. Meanwhile, it is mature due to its procedural completion and the necessity of rights relief. There is no issue of functional appropriateness for the judicial authority to review the legality of the regulatory detailed planning. However, the negative stance of the judiciary has hindered the advancement of the legislation of planning.

KEYWORDS:regulatory detailed planning; justiciability; abstract administrative act; maturity; judicial review

♦ STRATEGIC, SCIENTIFIC, COORDINATED, OPERABLE: REFLECTION ON COUNTYLEVEL TERRITORIAL MASTER PLANNING FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF BEHAVIOR GUIDANCE AND REGULATION

Author：WANG Yisong; HUANG Minghua; ZHENG Xiaowei; KOU Xiaonan

ABSTRACT:This paper analyzes the challenges of county-level territorial master planning practices. It points out that the fundamental issue lies in the fact that the current approach of developing and implementing a blueprint-style master plan, which focuses on the objective physical space, is difficult to adapt to the role of planning as the basis for guiding and regulating behaviors, as well as for achieving the original goal of use regulation. Therefore, by examining the social relationships and the dynamic process of the interaction between territorial space and behaviors, the paper proposes the planning principles aimed at coordinating the relationship between use order and vitality, setting the bottom line for space use behaviors, and adapting to dynamic implementation from the perspective of behavior guidance and regulation. On this basis, combined with county-level territorial master planning practices, it discusses the formulation and implementation strategies for behavior guidance and regulation, including the content system that supports and directs behaviors, the use rules that set the bottom line of behaviors, and the dynamic implementation mechanisms for adaptive behavioral processes. It is expected that, while revealing the objective laws of space use, the planning should maintain the overall coordination of the territorial pattern and provide a pathway and opportunity for interpreting multiple values, so as to reflect its strategic, scientific, coordinated, and operable

characteristics.

KEYWORDS: county-level territorial master planning; space use behavior; behavior guidance and regulation; planning formulation and implementation; rules for use regulation

♦ SMART PLANNING SYSTEM AND APPLICATION FOR SPATIAL LAYOUT OPTIMIZATION

Author：YAN Longxu; ZHANG Shangwu; WANG Ying; WANG De; HU Yang; MU Lingting

ABSTRACT:Territorial planning needs to strengthen the study of spatial layout optimization, and planners should have the ability to analyze and evaluate the spatial performance of schemes. This paper develops a simulation-based smart planning system (SimPlan), a smart planning simulation and evaluation system designed for spatial layout optimization. It integrates over 20 models and seven-dimensional evaluation systems. Through a workflow of smart simulation, smart evaluation, and iterative optimization, SimPlan comprehensively supports the improvement of the overall spatial layout and its precise transmission to detailed planning. Taking the integration of detailed planning within the development boundary of Ordos central city as a case study, the paper applies SimPlan to simulate, evaluate, and systematically diagnose the spatial layout scheme of the master planning. It puts forward strategies and guidelines for improving land use adjustment, transportation system planning, spatial structure, facility layout, etc., which may effectively support the spatial layout optimization through collaboration between upperand lower-level departments. It is believed that SimPlan has largely achieved its design goals of being interpretable, capable of learning, able to be promoted, and efficient, and can play an important role in territorial planning practices. Additionally, it lays a methodological foundation for smart optimization techniques.

KEYWORDS:territorial planning; spatial layout; plan evaluation; smart planning; SimPlan

♦ PREDICAMENTS AND LOGIC RECONSTRUCTION OF TERRITORIAL SPACE REGULATION: DEDUCTION AND ANALYSIS BASED ON THE MAN-LAND COUPLING THEORY

Author：ZHAI Duanqiang; ZHUO Jian

ABSTRACT:The next stage of change in China’s territorial space regulation requires achieving equilibrium between multiple value attributes such as human activities and natural ecology. Through an analysis on the territorial space regulation system, this paper points out that the system’s high dependence on instrumental rationality is the main reason for the predicaments faced by the territorial space regulation. To improve the quality of territorial space regulation, the paper reconstructs the logic of territorial space regulation from three levels of ontology, epistemology, and methodology based on the man-land coupling theory. In terms of ontology, this paper expounds the basic concept, content types, and research paradigms of the manland coupling theory. In terms of epistemology, the paper redevelops the thoughts, methods, and rules of territorial space regulation based on the man-land coupling theory, and proposes that the future regulation logic should shift to seeking common ground and correcting deviations for the diverse value rationalities of territorial space. In terms of methodology, the paper presents specific implementation paths to incorporating the manland coupling theory in territorial space regulation from the four perspectives of identifying problems, improving solutions, innovating methods, and supplementing rules.

KEYWORDS:territorial space regulation; spatial conflict; man-land coupling theory; logic reconstruction; implementation path

♦ PRACTICE OF AND REFLECTION ON URBAN STREET SPACE REGENERATION UNDER THE CONCEPT OF PEOPLE’S CITY: A CASE STUDY OF THE PLANNING AND CONSTRUCTION OF PEOPLE-ORIENTED STREET SPACE IN SUZHOU

Author：SHI Jiahong; YAO Xiuli

ABSTRACT:Based on the concept of “People’s City”, this paper examines the new needs of urban streets as urban public spaces and puts forward that street space needs further enhancement to adapt to the individualized needs of various groups. By accurately identifying the needs of different groups, the functions of street space are updated and improved, focusing on the combination of people’s needs, spatial functions, and daily production and living scenes, to provide an enhanced service experience for urban residents and foster a peopleoriented urban street space. Based on the practice of Suzhou, it is believed that: first, the work concept should be changed, promoting organic regeneration of street space based on identifying people’s needs and constructing activity scenes. Second, innovative working methods should be applied to achieve coordination of the entire street space process through a mechanism of municipal coordination and cross-department collaboration. Third, work organization should be optimized to encourage full participation of the government, experts, and residents with the goal of joint creation, breaking street boundaries, and promoting space sharing.

KEYWORDS:people-oriented; street space; urban regeneration; Suzhou

♦ STAKEHOLDER-POLICY-SPACE: AN ANALYTICAL MODEL FOR THE MULTIPLE IMPLEMENTATION PATHS OF URBAN REGENERATION

Author：PANG Zhiyu; SONG Yacheng; HAN Dongqing; DONG Yinan; SUN Zhitong

ABSTRACT:Urban regeneration is not merely about spatial planning and design, but needs to adapt to and interact with policies and regulations as well as the stakeholders’ willingness. This paper proposes an analytical model for “stakeholderpolicy-space” interaction, which facilitates describing the implementation paths, comparing related experiences, and identifying the bottlenecks of urban regeneration. It can help in deducing the causal relationship, making planning decisions, and developing tools for urban regeneration implementation, thus being of fundamental significance. The applicability of this analytical model is then demonstrated by the 32 construction projects in Xiaoxihu Block conservation and regeneration action in Nanjing.

KEYWORDS:urban regeneration; implementation path; stakeholder; policy; space

♦ FRAMEWORK AND LOGIC OF URBAN REGENERATION PLANNING: A CASE STUDY OF GUANGZHOU AND SHENZHEN

Author：YAO Zhihao; TIAN Li; WU Jun; WANG Jia

ABSTRACT:From a perspective of land development rights allocation and based on urban regeneration practices in Guangzhou and Shenzhen, this paper puts forward the formulation and control logic, spatial hierarchy, and content framework of urban regeneration planning within the context of the territorial planning system. It further explains the differences in urban regeneration planning formulation and control models in terms of urban regeneration context and land development rights allocation pattern. The results show that the government-market relationship, the distribution mechanism of land value-added revenue, and the leading implementation actors in urban regeneration collectively shape the framework system and formulation logic of urban regeneration planning. Urban regeneration in Guangzhou is led by local government in terms of the distribution of land value-added revenue. It has a wide range of regeneration planning and control elements, and emphasizes the comprehensive guidance of the special regeneration planning and hierarchical transmission of elements. Urban regeneration in Shenzhen follows the principle of market-oriented operation, with the local government coordinating the process and decentralizing planning control powers to the market. To explore the differences in the urban regeneration planning and control systems and regeneration performances of Guangzhou and Shenzhen, it is essential to understand the underlying technology, policy, and implementation logic.

KEYWORDS:urban regeneration planning; planning framework; planning formulation logic; government-market relationship; land development rights allocation

♦ REGENERATION OF STATE-OWNED INVENTORY ASSETS IN CENTRAL URBAN AREAS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF GROWTH COALITION: TAKING CHANGNING DISTRICT OF SHANGHAI AS AN EXAMPLE

Author：PENG Shanni; ZHAI Yuqi

ABSTRACT:Urban regeneration in China exhibits structural characteristics of growth coalitions. The growth coalitions in the regeneration of state-owned inventory assets exhibit both typical and unique characteristics. Taking Yuyuan Road and Wuyi Road as practice areas, Changning District of Shanghai provides abundant samples of different modes for regenerating state-owned inventory assets. In the Yuyuan Road case, the local government and private enterprises formed a government-enterprise collaboration centered on state-owned assets of small stores. This collaboration exhibits informal characteristics to some extent. In the Wuyi Road case, the complex ownership of state-owned parktype assets led to different pathways for obtaining the right of use, undergoing a complex coalition formation process that fostered a multi-level and multi-faceted government-enterprise combination.Under the stronger coordination efforts of the government, the regeneration outcomes reflect multiple values. Based on the theoretical framework of growth coalitions and the practices in Changning District of Shanghai, this paper raises three supplementary perspectives: internal relationships, construction processes, and multiple values, and proposes challenges to address and related pathways in the regeneration of state-owned inventory assets in central urban areas.

KEYWORDS:urban regeneration; state-owned inventory assets; growth coalition; central urban area; Changning District of Shanghai

♦ RESEARCH ON THE INTEGRATED URBAN REGENERATION MODEL OF “STRATEGY, PLANNING, DESIGN, CALCULATION, AND MANAGEMENT” FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE COORDINATION SUBJECT: TAKING THE REGENERATION PLANNING OF GUILIN WEST NEIGHBORHOOD IN SHANGHAI AS AN EXAMPLE

Author：WANG Mingchao; ZHUO Jian

ABSTRACT:The concept of urban coordination can effectively address imbalanced development in urban regeneration activities, such as goal differences, diversified games, and unequal profits and losses. The coordination subject plays a crucial role in regional regeneration, needing to coordinate various stakeholders, allocate regeneration benefits, and ensure implementation. Thus, the regeneration model from the perspective of the coordination subject requires urgent exploration. This paper reexamines the roles of the government, power subjects, and participating subjects in the regeneration process and their relationships, applying this perspective in the improvement of inefficient land use in central urban areas. The paper summarizes the concept and mechanism of the coordination subject, and presents an integrated urban regeneration model of Strategy, Planning, Design, Calculation, and Management (S-P-D-C-M) by using the example of the Guilin West Neighborhood Area regeneration in Shanghai. The findings indicate that the intervention of the coordination subject can shift urban regeneration from traditional “segmented-decision” thinking to “coordinated-action” thinking. This model can effectively mobilize the enthusiasm of the power subjects, adhere to planning guidelines, shape spatial value, and achieve financial balance through diversified approaches, ultimately leading to a win-win situation for the government, market, and society.

KEYWORDS:coordination subject; urban regeneration; regeneration model

♦ A REVIEW OF URBAN LANDSCAPE STUDIES BASED ON NETWORK MEDIA DATA

Author：YUAN Qing; LI Yahui; LENG Hong

ABSTRACT:With the rapid development of Internet technology, a large amount of network media data has become a new data source for urban studies and also provided massive data samples and new research ideas for urban landscape studies. This paper first makes a comparative analysis of the three data sources (i.e., images, texts, and videos) commonly used in urban landscape studies, and summarizes their characteristics and research methods respectively. It then illuminates the application of network media data in the urban landscape studies from three perspectives: (1) identification of landscape features, including structural features, variable type features, and representational space preference features; (2) assessment of urban environment, including physical environment assessment, and subjective emotion and perception assessment; (3) impact mechanism of landscape perception, including the impact of spatial, social, economic and other elements, as well as that of media technology content, form, and dissemination characteristics. In the end, based on a summary of the existing research results, the paper analyzes the application potential of network media data in urban studies and planning management and control, points out data defects and limitations of current studies, and discusses the direction and focus of future research.

KEYWORDS:network media data; urban landscape; environment assessment; urban landscape perception

♦ FROM URBAN DESIGN TO “DESIGN IN PLANNING”: DISCUSSION ON THE APPLICATION OF URBAN DESIGN METHODS IN TERRITORIAL PLANNING

Author：HONG Liangping; CHEN Pengyu; QIAO Jie

ABSTRACT:Shaping attractive space, creating a beautiful living environment, and establishing pleasant places are important supports for the Beautiful China Initiative and also important parts of territorial governance. In the context of major national strategies in the new period, how to adapt urban design theories and methods to meet the needs of high-quality territorial development and the improvement of human settlements has become a research focus. This paper reviews the historical evolution of urban design in China since the reform and opening-up, as well as the new requirements for urban design in territorial planning in the new era from both historical and practical perspectives. By examining the progression from urban planning to urban-rural planning, and to territorial planning, this paper systematically analyzes the internal logic in the transition from urban design to “design in planning”. Starting from the “value consensus and collaborative efforts” between urban design and urban planning, this paper analyzes the evolution of values and thinking patterns in urban design, and explores the challenges and implementation strategies of urban design methods in territorial planning.

KEYWORDS:urban design; urban planning; territorial planning; value consensus; collaborative efforts