Double Urban Repairs

The so-called “Double Urban Repairs” is a concept proposed by MOHURD in 2015, which includes two programs of “Ecological Restoration” and “City Betterment.” Ecological Restoration aims to restore the self-regulating function of a city’s ecosystem by repairing the damaged mountains, rivers, and vegetation. City Betterment focuses on improving a city’s public service quality, optimizing its municipal infrastructure conditions, and protecting its history, culture, and social network, so that its functional system and spatial identity could be comprehensively repaired and improved. In June 2015, the MOHURD listed Sanya as the first national pilot city of “Double Urban Repairs” and put another 37 on the list in the following years.