China City Planning Review (No.1, 2020)

♦Measuring the Land-Sea Coupling Coordination Degree of the Coastal Zone and Its Optimization Strategy: A Case Study of the Coastal Zone in Xiamen

Author：Lin Xiaoru, Lü Yiping, Liu Qing

Abstract：Currently, China has entered the period of land-sea coordinated planning, yet there are few studies on the interaction between land use intensity and sea eco-security in coastal zones. Therefore, taking the coastal zone of Xiamen as an example, this paper develops a comprehensive system to evaluate the coupling degree between spatial utilization intensity and eco-security based on the coupling degree theory in physics. Then the paper quantitatively analyzes and identifies the coupling coordination degree of various shore sections into four categories: well-coordinated and highly-coupled, moderately-coordinated and moderately-coupled, moderately-coordinated and slightly-coupled, and primary-level coordinated and slightly-coupled. Finally, it puts forward spatial planning guidelines for the four types of shore sections on the basis of land-sea coordination. Specifically, reserved ecological section should follow the principle of giving priority to the marine ecosystem, and strictly protecting the ecosystem and controlling development; ecological promotion section should follow the principle of optimizing land development based on the sea resources, and reserving space for transformation; restricted development section should follow the principle of land-sea balance, and only allowing low-impact development activities to achieve synchronous land-sea development; development leverage section should follow the principle of optimizing marine development based on land resources, giving full play to the advantages of coastal resources and featured coastal space, and achieving spatial optimization in accordance with people-oriented principles and local conditions. This research intends to provide a scientific basis for coastal zone planning and decision-making and a paradigm guide for gulf cities to coordinate the marine ecosystem and land development.

Keywords：coastal zone; coupling coordination; eco-security; land-sea coordination; Xiamen

♦Prospects of Global City Trends in China Under the Belt and Road Initiative

Author：Yang Baojun, Chen Yixing, Lü Xiaobei, Zhu Yuyu

Abstract：The “Belt and Road Initiative” has made breakthrough progress and produced far-reaching international influence since its implementation, laying down a good foundation for the new global governance mode and pattern. In this context, the globalization strategy of Chinese cities is bound to undergo a major change. Based on a study of the changes in ranking of Global Cities during the past 10 years, this paper concludes three major change trends in the system of Global Cities, before providing suggestions for the transformation of globalization strategy of Chinese cities and predicting future pattern of Global Cities in China.

Keywords：the Belt and Road; globalization; China; Global Cities

♦From Ancient Silk Road to Contemporary Belt and Road: Different Cognition on Transportation Corridor Driven Regional Development

Author：Zhang Chun, Dong Xiaojing, Tseng Chin-Yin

Abstract：As an important connection between the West and the East, the Silk Road has greatly promoted the cooperation between countries and regions. Transportation infrastructure plays a key role in the economic development and cultural exchanges, which has promoted the development of regions and cities along the Silk Road. Based on previous literature, combining the comparative advantage theory in economics with the transportation corridor and regional development theory, this paper divides the evolution of the Silk Road into three historical periods, and explores the economic motives for the development from the ancient Silk Road to the contemporary Belt and Road, as well as the impacts of transportation construction on the regional and urban development along the Belt and Road. The paper concludes that transportation infrastructure has a positive impact on the development of regions along the Belt and Road, which also influences the rise and fall of cities along the road. The paper comprehensively applies the theory of the comparative advantage and the theory of transportation and regional development, and proposes that economical mutual benefit and integration of transportation construction and regional development will play a key role in the implementation of the Belt and Road Initiative.

Keywords：the Silk Road; the Belt and Road; comparative advantage; transportation corridor; regional development

♦Study on the Modes of Chinese Overseas Industrial Cooperation Zones Along the Belt and Road

Author：Shen Zhengping, Jian Xiaobin, Zhao Jie

Abstract：China has established overseas industrial cooperation zones along the Belt and Road as a key platform for the advancement of the Belt and Road construction and international economic and trade cooperation, aiming to facilitate deep economic integration, promote mutual benefit, and achieve win-win results with countries along the Belt and Road. This paper firstly explains the definition and connotation of overseas industrial cooperation zones against the background of the Belt and Road Initiative, and then introduces the construction status of Chinese overseas industrial cooperation zones along the Belt and Road in terms of type and spatial distribution. The research conducts case studies on four types of overseas industrial cooperation zones, including agricultural industrial zones, processing industrial zones, service industrial zones, and comprehensive industrial zones. Based on the case study, it discusses the development context, planning mission, industrial function, leading enterprise, operation mode, and final comprehensive effect of Chinese overseas industrial cooperation zones. Finally, through comparing the differences with domestic experience on typical industrial cooperation zones, this paper suggests that the construction of overseas industrial cooperation zones along the Belt and Road should focus on strengthening bilateral communication between governments, further improving the cooperation mechanism, scientifically formulating industrial planning, driving construction of infrastructure facilities, and fostering and bringing in international talents.

Keywords：the Belt and Road; overseas industrial cooperation zone; construction mode

♦Research on the Planning and Development of Industrial Cities in the Middle East Arab Countries Under the Belt and Road Initiative

Author：Zhao Sidong, Wang Xingping, Qu Penghui, Tarek Rahmoun

Abstract：Industrial city is an important concept in urban planning. This paper discusses the connotation, origination, quantity, scale, type, distribution, achievements, and planning characteristics of industrial cities in the Middle East Arab countries through literature, statistical, and comparative analyses. It identifies the problems and challenges industrial cities in the Middle East Arab countries are facing and proposes relevant countermeasures for their transformation under the new situation of the Belt and Road Initiative. At present, the research shows that there are about 100 industrial cities planned and constructed in Saudi Arabia, Syria, Qatar, and other Middle East Arab countries. Composed of free trade zones, industrial parks, and handicraft zones, a multi-levelled carrier system is formed for regional industrialization, helping to optimize the urban and economic geography pattern and to promote the integration of industrialization and urbanization of the region. They become a systematic upgrade and comprehensive transcendence of free trade zones and industrial zones, forming a comprehensive platform for the Middle East Arab countries to promote resource development and integration, industry upgrading and transformation, and industry-city integration and symbiosis. The paper proposes that China and the Middle East Arab countries should learn from each other regarding the planning and development of industrial cities and manage to achieve the coordinated development between China’s Overseas International Cooperation Parks and the Middle East Arab countries’ industrial cities.

Keywords：industrial city; urban planning; Belt and Road Initiative; Middle East

♦Evaluating Public Spaces of Tourist Villages by Combining Analytic Hierarchy Process and Importance-Performance Analysis: A Case Study of Jiaochangwei in Shenzhen, China

Author：Ma Hang, Zhou Qingfeng, Chi Duo, A Longduoqi, Yu Daxing, Chan Chung-Shing

Abstract While public spaces of tourist villages (PSTVs) have increasingly gained more policy and development attention, their empirical investigations are still limited. This study aims to develop a quantitative methodological approach of assessing PSTVs through the use of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to measure tourists’ satisfaction. This approach involves experts’ and tourists’ judgment processes, and the resultant assessment matrix is applied to suggest the strengths and weaknesses of the PSTVs using an Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA). The results from Jiaochangwei Village in Shenzhen suggest that “street spaces,” “square spaces,” “coastal spaces,” “green spaces,” “traffic facilities,” “public service facilities,” “culture,” and “management and maintenance” are key factors to evaluate the use and quality of PSTVs. This paper offers insights into the theoretical investigation and practical development of PSTVs for tourism and village planning decision makers.

Keywords：Analytic Hierarchy Process; Importance-Performance Analysis; Jiaochangwei Village; public spaces of tourist villages; tourist villages

♦Determinants of Elderly Mobility in Hong Kong: Implications for Elderly-Friendly Transport

Author：Yang Linchuan, Cui Xu

Abstract：Numerous cities are undergoing the ageing of populations. Developing a transport system that incorporates mobility needs, preferences, and demands of elderly people is crucial to such a demographic shift. Understanding the travel behavior and characteristics of elderly people is the first and foremost step towards this goal. In stark contrast with Western car-dominant places, numerous East Asian modern cities (e.g., Hong Kong, Beijing, and Shanghai) have high levels of public transportation use. Experience gained from existing studies in the West cannot be applied to Hong Kong, a typical transit-dependent city. In light of this, based on the 2011 Travel Characteristic Survey data and Poisson and negative binomial regression models, this study identifies factors that significantly affect the number of daily trips taken by (or trip frequency of) elderly people in Hong Kong. The paper finds that both socio-demographic (e.g., age and housing type) and built environment characteristics significantly affect the trip number of elderly people. Interestingly, it is determined that car availability does not play a significant role in the trip generation process, but public transportation accessibility truly matters. This outcome remarkably differs from findings in Western car-dominant cities. Moreover, to discern whether the elderly are a homogenous group, this study estimates separate models for the young elderly (aged between 60 and 74) and the very old (aged 75 or above). It is observed that the effect of public transportation accessibility on elderly mobility varies among elderly subgroups: public transportation accessibility significantly affects the trip frequency of the young elderly, but not that of the very old. Finally, a multitude of policy measures with the aim of upgrading elderly mobility is proposed.

Keywords:  elderly mobility; trip generation; public transportation accessibility; transit-dependent city; Hong Kong