China City Planning Review (No.4, 2022)

♦Characteristics and Spatial Effects of the Spatio-Temporal Pattern Evolution of Industrial Land in Xi’an

Author：Zhao Dan, Liu Kewei, Li Jianwei, Pang Guowei, Meng Yuanxu

Edited by Liu Jinxin / Proofread by Liu Jiayan

Abstract: As an organic part of urban functions, industrial land is of great significance to the urban healthy and sustainable development. Although consensus has been reached on the evolutionary characteristics and spatial effects of industrial land, the influence mechanism of the evolution of industrial land on urban space still needs further exploration. Therefore, the evolution of industrial land in Xi’an from 2003 to 2019 is analyzed by the land use change matrixes, mixed degrees index, and sprawl index according to the multisource data. The results show that the scale change of industrial land is characterized by an inverted U-shaped curve and development zone-oriented spatial aggregation. Suburbanization, the conversion of agricultural land to industrial land in the suburbs, has intensified urban sprawl, resulting in more serious work-living imbalance and traffic congestion. Deindustrialization, the conversion of industrial land to residential, commercial, and business facilities land in the city center, has promoted urban sprawl, generated a large amount of construction waste, and caused a waste of resources. Based on the complex factors such as urban planning, land finance, and development zones, this study contributes to the research of the improvement of the rationality of urban land layout by revealing the influence mechanism of the evolution of industrial land on urban space.

Keywords: industrial land; suburbanization; deindustrialization; spatial effect; Xi’an

Full text is available at: <http://www.ccprjournal.com.cn/news/10174.htm>

♦Living Heritage in a Post-Earthquake Context: Conceptualizing and Managing Continuity Within Traditional Settlements in Jiuzhaigou Valley, China

Author: Li Ji, Liu Hongtao, Deniz Ikiz Kaya

Edited by Li Min / Proofread by Liang Sisi

Abstract: The living heritage approach seeks to link heritage properties with the living dimensions attributed by local communities -- tangible and intangible heritage. However, how living heritage can be further understood and managed in post-disaster traditional settlements has yet to be explored adequately. This paper discusses the concept of living heritage embedded in post-earthquake planning and reconstruction of traditional settlements in Jiuzhaigou Valley, a World Heritage property in Sichuan Province. The thematic analysis method is employed to conduct both deductive and inductive content analysis of governmental administrative documents on post-earthquake reconstruction policies and practices. The results demonstrate that the continuity of heritage and the continuity of community are the two essential attributes conceptualizing living heritage by developing a people-centered approach to resilience-building in post-disaster traditional settlements. The paper broadens the concept of living heritage by incorporating the discussion of heritage and traditional settlements into a post-disaster context. The living heritage approach can be further elaborated into an integrated heritage management approach relying on community values and empowerment, to promote urban and rural conservation and urbanization policy-making and practices worldwide.

Keywords: living heritage; post-disaster; ethnic minority; traditional settlements; Jiuzhaigou earthquake

Full text is available at: <http://www.ccprjournal.com.cn/news/10175.htm>

♦Review and Prospect of Research on Settlement Adaptation

Author: Chen Song, Gao Mengyao, Zhou Zhengxu

Translated by Li Caige / Proofread by Liu Jiayan

Abstract: Adaptation research is a key area in the research on the Sciences of Human Settlements. Based on tracing the origin of the concept of adaptation and reviewing relevant studies, this paper attempts to propose the concept of settlement adaptation and answer the three core questions of “object of adaptation,” “subject of adaptation,” and “type and process of adaptation.” Then, the paper summarizes the main contents of the settlement adaptation research, including the research on adaptive construction of traditional settlements centered on climate adaptation, water adaptation, and terrain adaptation, as well as that on the evolutionary characteristics and mechanisms in the process of settlement adaptation. In the end, the paper points out the directions of future settlement adaptation research: systematic and holistic theoretical research; cross-scale, inter-temporal, and multi-regional empirical research; methodological innovation supported by emerging technologies; planning and design innovation to address current challenges. The relevant research and practice of settlement adaptation can provide support and reference for the sustainable development of settlements.

Keywords: settlement; adaptation; human settlements; research overview; research prospect

Full text is available at: <http://www.ccprjournal.com.cn/news/10176.htm>

♦Study on the Climate Adaptation of Traditional Dai Villages: Taking Manyuan Village as an Example

Author: Cheng Haifan, Chen Peng, Hu Rong

Translated by Liu Jinxin / Proofread by Liang Sisi

Abstract: This paper selected Manyuan Village in Oliver Plain (Ganlanba) as a case study to analyze the climate adaptation of traditional villages in Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture with high temperature and high humidity. Three main thermal environment elements, i.e., temperature, humidity, and wind speed, were collected for comfort evaluation through Kriging analysis and UTCI equivalent temperature calculation. The research concluded the characteristics of the climate adaptation and the spatial factors affecting the comfort degree of traditional Dai villages, including mountain, vegetation, water body, pavilion and corridor, and underlying surface. Finally, the authors also discussed the spatial optimization proposals to improve the comfort degree of traditional Dai villages.

Keywords: Dai settlements in Xishuangbanna; traditional settlements; climate adaptation; spatial factor; public space

Full text is available at: <http://www.ccprjournal.com.cn/news/10177.htm>

♦Living Close to Buddha: Influence of Mandala on Landscape Spatial Pattern of Tibetan Settlements Around Xiba Temple

Author: Sun Songlin, Pang Xin, Hua Chengcai, Yang Yuliang

Translated by Li Min / Proofread by Tang Yan

Abstract: Through field investigation, field surveying and mapping, image analysis, and other methods, this paper discusses the spatial distribution and morphological characteristics of Tibetan settlements around Xiba Temple in two and three dimensions. It finds that under the influence of the spatial order culture of Buddhist “mandala,” Tibetan settlements in the surrounding area of Xiba Temple are characterized by centripetal, symmetrical, and vertical distribution. They are typical representatives of Tibetan settlements built around the temple in the mountain area. The results of this paper may provide a new idea for studying the spatial pattern and spatial structure of Tibetan temple settlements and their surrounding settlements. They can also be used to guide the spatial distribution pattern of Tibetan-inhabited villages under the background of religious culture, and guide the protection, planning, and construction of cultural landscapes in traditional Tibetan settlements.

Keywords: mandala; Xiba Temple; settlement space; Tibetan settlements

Full text is available at: <http://www.ccprjournal.com.cn/news/10178.htm>

♦Adaptive Transition of Traditional Handicraft Villages Under the Rule of Consanguinity Community: A Case Study of Xizhuang Village in Xinjiang County, Shanxi Province

Author: Zhang Xing, He Yi

Translated by Qian Fang / Proofread by Mao Qizhi

Abstract: As an important witness to the rural industry in the agricultural era, traditional handicraft villages have attracted renewed attention in the contemporary context of intangible cultural heritage protection. The dual characteristics of their traditional cultural heritage and modern economic benefits make these villages an important carrier of the dynamic inheritance and development of the heritages under the background of rural revitalization. This paper takes a stonemason village of Xizhuang in Xinjiang County, Shanxi Province, as an example, and reveals the evolutionary characteristics of traditional handicraft villages in the process of transition from agricultural to industrial society from the “social-spatial” perspective. In the agricultural era, the kinship, production organization, and religious beliefs of traditional handicraft villages were closely linked under the blood relationship in a clan-based structure, forming a “social-spatial” trinity composed of “residence, production, and spirit.” In the industrial era, the development of handicraft economy results in the transformation of the “social-spatial” form of the settlement, the social structure shrank from clan control to nuclear family domination, the production space began to be stripped away from villages, the living space changed from gathered clan living to separated-family homes, and the spiritual place was transformed into public space. However, due to the inter-generational transmission of handicrafts based on blood relationship, the consanguinity community has always been the main carrier for the continuity of skills, and has become the stable foundation for maintaining the “social-spatial” form of the village. Therefore, the adaptive transition of traditional handicraft villages in the context of socio-economic transformation continues the interconnection among society, economy, and space, and presents a unique vitality and comparative stability.

Keywords: traditional handicraft villages; consanguinity community; social relationship, spatial form; evolutionary characteristics; Xizhuang Village

Full text is available at: <http://www.ccprjournal.com.cn/news/10179.htm>

♦Evolution and Hotspots of New Urbanization Research in China: A Visualized Analysis via CiteSpace

Author: Zhang Wei, Yu Haoran

Translated by Liu Jinxin / Proofread by Liu Jian

Abstract: New urbanization is a long-acting solution to the issues relating to agriculture, countryside and farmers, as well as a certain path to develop China into a great modern socialist country. It plays a key role in resolving the principal challenges faced by China in the new era and becomes a powerful driving force to the economic development of high quality. Taking the journal papers as samples on the theme of new urbanization included in the CNKI database from 2008 to 2018, this study uses the bibliometric method to analyze the state of the art, evolution, and hotspots of new urbanization research in China during the 11 years and to visualize the dynamic development process. It reveals that the quantitative distribution of the research literatures on new urbanization shows an inverted U-shaped curve, the evolution process of the research includes three stages of exploration, development, and stabilization, and the research hotspots include the five aspects of the connotation, development mode and path, development quality, financial administration, and industrial structure of new urbanization.

Keywords: new urbanization; evolution process; research hotspots; knowledge spectrum; bibliometric

Full text is available at: <http://www.ccprjournal.com.cn/news/10180.htm>

♦A Writing for Celebrating Wu Liangyong’s Centenial Birthday

Author: Alexander Tzonis, Liane Lefaivre

Edited by Li Caige & Tang Yan

Introduction: This text is written on the happy occasion of Professor Wu Liangyong’s one hundredth birthday and as homage to him as a “people’s architect,” planner, historian, educator, dreamer, and humanist. His oeuvre, overcoming two centuries of catastrophic crises, bridges critical understanding of the past and visionary planning for the future. It brings together in a systemic, holistic synthesis design, construction, regional science, history, and urban sociology. Here, we trace concisely, the development of his thinking and practice, his optimism to conceive, repair, and construct after witnessing the great catastrophe during the World War II and a team of progressive intellectuals engaged in the war. His thinking evolved during his early days at Tsinghua University (1947) at Liang Sicheng’s side, and during his studies at Cranbrook Academy (USA) under Eliel Saarinen and learning from modern industrial construction and finally from failures when design ignored the “region” and the environment. His last stop at Berkeley University helped him form his early ideas of an “extended architecture” deeply rooted in society and natural environment. Back in Tsinghua, Professor Wu Liangyong began a career in teaching, designing remarkable projects, producing his holistic theory of “Sciences of Human Settlements,” and establishing the “Center for Human Settlements” (1995). During these years, he continued to lecture internationally including Kassel University (1980) and T.U. Delft where we first met (1993). In Delft he presented his Ju’er Hutong (Chrysanthemum Path Hutong, 1987 – 1993, recognized as an achievement internationally), as a “test” towards a new method of urban development, rather than “a real estate development.” Wu’s creations manifest that solving a design problem is not enough, “the hardest” is “to identify the problem” as well as to look at it not as an end but as a way without end, overcoming new problems, and staying optimistic.

Full text is available at: <http://www.ccprjournal.com.cn/news/10181.htm>