China City Planning Review (No.2, 2022)

♦Knowledge Structure, Evolution Process, and Emerging Trends in Spatial Justice Research: A Scientometric Review Through CiteSpace Analysis

Author: Zhang Zhang

Edited by Qian Fang / Proofread by Tang Yan

Abstract: By applying the computational tool CiteSpace, the paper explored 9,553 documents relevant to spatial justice research from the Web of Science Core Collection and their 384,786 references. With the visualization of the document/author co-citation and co-author/term network and the detection of pivotal nodes, the knowledge structure, evolution process, and emerging trends of spatial justice research have been teased out. The findings revealed that the spatial justice research is mainly supported by geography, environmental science, and urban studies and planning. Having formed 15 document co-citation clusters since 1993, the mainstream of the research directions consists of distributive justice in geography and socio-spatial relationship focusing on specific vulnerable groups. Four stages of the spatial justice research, combined with a comparative view on spatial equality, equity, and justice, depicted how its concept grew up from describing the subtle relationship between space and justice to a specific research topic accompanied by research collaboration network. Learning from environmental justice, spatial justice has been developing its in-depth theories and methodologies since the 2000s, but still lacking sufficient connection with each other. Its recent research enjoys the diversity of researching orientation, scale, and object. The continuous improvement of spatial justice assessment has helped to introduce spatial justice towards a new researching domain, while there also has been a tendency of the return of theoretical study in the recent decade. This scientometric review demonstrates a relatively comprehensive measurement of spatial justice research, which establishes the background for future theoretical approaches and provides practical instructions for spatial justice participatory development and social activities.

Keywords：spatial justice; urban equality; urban theory; CiteSpace; visualizing scientific literature

Full text is available at: <http://www.ccprjournal.com.cn/news/10124.htm>

♦Impact of “We Media” on Public Participation in Urban Planning: A Case Study on the Urban Design of Xuanwu Avenue in Nanjing

Author: Yin Ming

Translated by Li Min / Proofread by Liu Jiayan

Abstract：From a stakeholder perspective, this paper discusses the positive and negative impacts of “We Media” on public participation in urban planning based on a case study on the public event related to the Urban Design of Xuanwu Avenue in Nanjing. This research draws the following conclusions. Firstly, “We Media” helps to reduce the cost of the bottom-up feedback in the public participation process as it expands information dissemination approaches, and the comprehensiveness and objectiveness of the information it carries is a key factor influencing the participation effect. Secondly, the absence of indirect stakeholders is one of the major reasons for ineffective participation. Based on this, this paper proposes the following suggestions: it is advisable to change “We Media” from a single functional feedback and complaint tool into a composite media platform for public participation engaging in every link of urban planning; public participation approaches should be well designed to adapt to different planning types, phases, and issues; and relevant government departments should develop a standardized response model for public emergencies.

Keywords：“We Media”; urban planning; public participation; public event

Full text is available at: <http://www.ccprjournal.com.cn/news/10125.htm>

♦Co-Design for Sino-Australian Participatory Urban Media 

Author：Ian McArthur, Xu Fang

Edited by Li Caige & Liu Jiayan

Abstract: Despite the differences in cultural, economic, and political systems, China and Australia are societies sharing rapidly urbanizing futures. This presents significant challenges for urban planning, placemaking, and the sustainability of livable urban communities. Using Chongqing as a

case study, metaPLACE is an experimental project investigating how participatory urban media (large and small interactive screens, installations, façades, and devices) can act as a co-designed interface between diverse communities, industries, and government stakeholders. The empirical data collected in this study is derived from a co-design workshop held in Chongqing in 2019 to explore how urban media can assist urban planners to design more livable urban places. The data indicates that there are a range of opportunities and concerns related to equitable placemaking, environment, the nature of interfaces and participation, ownership and management of data, large and small screens, and cultural and generational considerations. Our critical and comparative analysis of the research methods and cultural factors influencing the co-design process reveal deficiencies in widely accepted models of user experience design and design process used across industry and design research. This has significant implications for transcultural and interdisciplinary co-design and the establishment of a viable Sino-Australian design ecosystem.

Keywords: urban media; co-design; participatory design; placemaking; urbanization; transcultural

Full text is available at: <http://www.ccprjournal.com.cn/news/10126.htm>

♦Research on the Distribution Characteristics of Internet-Famous Space in the Mobile Internet Era: A Case Study on the Main Urban Area of Hangzhou, China

Author: Xiang Jingyi, Luo Zhendong, Zhang Jiyu, Cheng Long

Translated by Li Caige / Proofread by Liang Sisi

Abstract: As a new visual consumer space, the “Internet-famous space” provides a new perspective for the study on urban space in the mobile Internet era. Based on the data of the Douyin (the Chinese version of Tiktok) platform, this paper quantitatively measures the popularity and the distribution characteristics of Internet-famous spaces in the main urban area of Hangzhou. It is concluded that the distribution of Internet-famous spaces shows a spatial pattern of multi-core concentration, with spatial popularity decreasing from the urban center to the suburbs. The hot spot areas of Internet-famous spaces are mainly distributed in the functional nodes of the city, and the concentration characteristics of the internal spaces in these different areas show great differences.

Keywords: Internet-famous space; Douyin; spatial popularity; distribution characteristics; Hangzhou City

Full text is available at: <http://www.ccprjournal.com.cn/news/10127.htm>

♦A Study on the Space Image of Chongqing Central City Based on Online Images

Author: Yang Di, Gao Yinbao, Zhao Xiaoxin

Translated by Qian Fang / Proofread by Liu Jian

Abstract: The development of media and information technology has exerted profound influences over the relationship between human cognition and physical environment. Using the online images of Chongqing Central City and its affiliated districts that are found via search engines, this paper analyzes the scope of their visual field and the typology and the frequency of their content variables and explores the features and the regional differences of the city’s space image, in order to expand and supplement the scope and the paradigm of city image study. The study finds that: ① the visual field of the online images is significantly correlated with the economic status, spatial characteristics, and development level of the region; ② the space image of certain districts of Chongqing Central City shown by the online images presents few local features; ③ the space image of mountains and rivers of Chongqing Central City and its affiliated districts is not sufficiently expressed by the online images; and ④ the Internet has become an important medium for city image study that can quickly identify the features and deficiencies of local image. It is proposed to highlight the role of publicity and communication of media technology in the field of planning, which can help to reach consensus among various parties in the dynamic process of urban development.

Keywords: Internet; media technology; image; space image; Chongqing Central City

Full text is available at: <http://www.ccprjournal.com.cn/news/10128.htm>

♦Building Community Trust in Historic and Cultural Districts: A Case Study on Shijia Hutong in Beijing

Author: Zhang Tianjie, Qiu Ning, Sheng Mingjie, Wu Jiaqi

Edited by Li Min / Proofread by Mao Qizhi

Abstract: Concerning the complexity and diversity of demands in historic and cultural districts, the protection and regeneration planning (PRP) practice has been gradually shifted from spatial design to pluralistic and participatory community governance. Previous studies have pointed out that community trust is an essential means to eliminate social resistance and improve community cohesion and executive capability. However, the trust-building mechanism has been given little attention in urban planning. This study intends to improve the theoretical cognition of trust in community governance and provide suggestions for addressing issues of protection and regeneration planning in historic and cultural districts. With Shijia Hutong in Dongcheng District of Beijing, as an empirical case, this paper conducts a household survey and applies the Structural Equation Model (SEM) to explore the influencing elements and community trust-building path in the protection and regeneration planning from the perspective of residents. Through analyzing the influencing mechanism of residents’ perception, it reveals that, firstly, pluralistic governance that is composed of the grass-roots government, NGOs, and residents can directly promote residents’ perception of the protection and regeneration planning, and have a greater influence by facilitating public participation in building up community trust. Secondly, residents’ perception of the protection and regeneration planning would not be improved if public participation failed to build up community trust. Thirdly, community trust consists of neighborhood trust and leadership trust, of which the latter is more important. These findings contribute a new perspective and solution to urban regeneration and heritage protection in the future. In addition, this study may inspire research on trust-building through urban planning, governance, and public participation.

Keywords: community trust; trust-building path; protection and regeneration planning; implementation; historic and cultural districts; pluralistic governance

Full text is available at: <http://www.ccprjournal.com.cn/news/10129.htm>

♦Deciphering Spatial Mixity in the Urban Evolution of Gulangyu: A Contextualized Analysis

Author: Wang Jing, Chen Tingting, Lang Wei, Zhang Chengguo, Li Xun

Edited by Liu Jinxin / Proofread by Tang Yan

Abstract: The urban evolution of Gulangyu, a historic international settlement in the city of Xiamen on China’s southeast coast, has long attracted the attention of scholars working in the field of Chinese urban history. Until recently, however, few efforts have been made to theorize the spatial formation of Gulangyu. Drawing upon existing research on the island’s development, particularly since the early 1840s, this study aims to offer a critical reading of the modern transformation of Gulangyu. By retracing the urban evolution of Gulangyu on the basis of historical maps and fieldtrip data, its spatial restructuring up to the early 1940s has been reviewed and analyzed. With GIS and CAD-based tools, conflated results are presented to explain the island’s spatial mixity. The results show that from military fortification to village settlements, through the competition between local inhabitants and earlier imperialists, and then the coopetition of foreign residents and returned overseas Chinese, the making of Gulangyu as a historic international settlement was hardly a Western-dominant process. Instead, it should provide an entry point for a contextualized critique of current research on similar urban space in China’s modern history.

Keywords: spatial mixity; urban evolution; contextualized analysis; postcolonial discourse; Gulangyu

Full text is available at: <http://www.ccprjournal.com.cn/news/10130.htm>