♦FINANCIAL ATTRIBUTES OF URBAN LAND USE: FROM LAND BALANCE SHEET TO STATEMENT OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES
Author: ZHAO Yanjing; QIU Shuang; SHEN Jie; ZENG Fulin
ABSTRACT: Land balance sheet is one of the most basic tools for urban land use control. However, the relationship between this tool and urban economy has been unclear. By establishing the corresponding relationship between the statement of assets and liabilities and the profit statement in the three statements of land use and accounting, urban planning can clearly depict the relationship between land use balance and urban financial performance, thus opening the barrier between urban planning and urban economy. After the introduction of financial statements, different urban land can be divided into three categories according to its financial nature: service, income, and financing. Among them, class I, public land, including “seven access and site leveling”， schools, hospitals, and other public infrastructure land that provide services, is mostly allocated to provide services, which cannot bring direct benefits to local governments. Class II, industrial land, includes industrial, commercial, office, hotel, and other land that can bring cash flow income (tax). Class III is residential land. In order to meet the financial goal of the city, i.e., sustainable statement of assets and liabilities, each type of land should adopt the correct model in urban renewal.
KEYWORDS: land balance sheet; statement of assets and liabilities; profit statement; urban renewal
♦SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS ON THE PATH TO THE MODERN LIVABILITY OF TRADITIONAL VERNACULAR DWELLINGS
Author: ZHANG Quan
ABSTRACT: How to achieve modern livability while preserving traditional culture is concerned with people’s livelihood and social development, and it is also a common problem. With the aim to address this problem, and in line with the actual situation of current protection work, this paper systematically examines the contents and paths that need to be improved and changed from five perspectives, i.e., protection planning, architectural design, building materials, construction techniques, and economic policies. On this basis, the paper proposes the principles for protection and development, which are "grading of qualities, classification of targets; highlighting authenticity and revitalization; demonstrating clear cultural context and focusing on livability; overall creation and organic renewal".
KEYWORDS: traditional vernacular dwelling; modern livability; grading of relic quality; protection category; revitalization and evolution
♦DEALING WITH "SIX RELATIONSHIPS", CREATING "SIX SCENARIOS": CHENGDU’S PRACTICE OF MODERN RURAL PLANNING AND CONSTRUCTION IN A MEGACITY AND SUPER-LARGE CITY CONTEXT
Author: XIE Ruiwu
ABSTRACT: The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward the goal of building a great modern socialist country in all aspects. The modernization of the countryside, as a strategic space different from the city, has become a hot topic in recent years. This paper systematically summarizes the practice of Chengdu in promoting the integration of urban and rural areas in recent years, and concludes that the work has been focused on dealing with six relationships: people-city, people-land, people-landscape, people-government, people-housing, and people-industry. Meanwhile, combined with Chengdu’s practical exploration, and following the concept of “park city” construction, the paper proposes that efforts should be made to create six scenarios, i.e., natural landscape scenario, modern industrial scenario, humanity and cultural scenario, quality life scenario, beautiful countryside scenario, and community governance scenario, in the rural areas of the megacity and super-large city, so as to promote the high quality development of rural areas.
KEYWORDS: megacity; super-large city; Chengdu; urban-rural integration; modernization drive; planning and construction
♦DEALING WITH "SIX RELATIONSHIPS", CREATING "SIX SCENARIOS": CHENGDU’S PRACTICE OF MODERN RURAL PLANNING AND CONSTRUCTION IN A MEGACITY AND SUPER-LARGE CITY CONTEXT
Author:XIE Ruiwu
ABSTRACT: The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward the goal of building a great modern socialist country in all aspects. The modernization of the countryside, as a strategic space different from the city, has become a hot topic in recent years. This paper systematically summarizes the practice of Chengdu in promoting the integration of urban and rural areas in recent years, and concludes that the work has been focused on dealing with six relationships: people-city, people-land, people-landscape, people-government, people-housing, and people-industry. Meanwhile, combined with Chengdu's practical exploration, and following the concept of "park city" construction, the paper proposes that efforts should be made to create six scenarios, i.e., natural landscape scenario, modern industrial scenario, humanity and cultural scenario, quality life scenario, beautiful countryside scenario, and community governance scenario, in the rural areas of the megacity and super-large city, so as to promote the high quality development of rural areas.
KEYWORDS: megacity; super-large city; Chengdu; urban-rural integration; modernization drive; planning and construction
♦VALUE ORIENTATION OF TERRITORIAL PLANNING LEGISLATION AND ITS REALIZATION MECHANISM
Author: LI Ruhai
ABSTRACT: To promote the modernization of territorial governance system and governance capacity, it is necessary to establish and improve the laws, regulations, and policies of territorial planning. Efforts should be made to carry out explorations from the theoretical perspective and determine the value orientation of territorial planning legislation, so as to solve the problems such as the lagging legislation, lack of legislation, and unreasonable legislation modes. Using the value analysis method, this paper points out that the value orientation of territorial planning legislation includes territorial justice, effective planning and control, balanced resource allocation, territorial safety, etc. In the legislation of territorial planning, emphasis should be placed on providing high-quality spatial products, ensuring the realization of spatial rights, motivating market subjects, and coordinating spatial development and safety to highlight the practical value of territorial planning laws and regulations through reasonable division of planning power, promotion of planning participation according to law, efficient allocation of spatial resources, and optimization of spatial layout.
KEYWORDS: territorial planning; territorial planning legislation; value orientation; planning power
♦RESEARCH ON RESPONSE MECHANISM BETWEEN MARKETIZATION OF PRODUCTION FACTORS AND TERRITORIAL PLANNING IN LESS-DEVELOPED AREAS
Author: XU Lijun; YUAN Jingcheng; LI Chao; LIU Dongfang
ABSTRACT: Territorial space is the physical carrier of production factors. It is a major task of territorial governance to optimize the spatial pattern of production factors, promote the flow of factors between different regions, and provide space and channel for the concentration and spread of factors. In more than 40 years of reform and opening-up in China, the market economy has brought about the rapid development of cities and improved the efficiency of resource allocation, but it has also resulted in an enlarged gap in economic development between regions due to the one-way flow of factors, as well as the segmented market caused by monopoly. Facing the requirement of the country to establish a unified domestic market, it is urgent for the less-developed areas with a low level of market development and a lack of policy support to promote the marketization of production factors, which is an important part in the establishment of dual circulation and a unified domestic market. In such a context, based on the interactive mechanism between territorial planning and production factors, this paper explores the response mechanism between the market-oriented reform of production factors and the territorial planning from six aspects: the marketization of natural resource assets and the delimitation of spatial rights and interests; resource allocation and the delimitation of the urban control line system; regional coordination and the promotion of regional industrial competitiveness; population flow and related public service facilities; urban-rural interaction and the determination of urban hierarchical and scale system; smart shrinkage and the marketization of rural collective land designated for business-related construction.
KEYWORDS: less-developed area; production factor; territorial planning; response mechanism
♦RESEARCH ON RESPONSE MECHANISM BETWEEN MARKETIZATION OF PRODUCTION FACTORS AND TERRITORIAL PLANNING IN LESS-DEVELOPED AREAS
Author: XU Lijun; YUAN Jingcheng; LI Chao; LIU Dongfang
ABSTRACT: Territorial space is the physical carrier of production factors. It is a major task of territorial governance to optimize the spatial pattern of production factors, promote the flow of factors between different regions, and provide space and channel for the concentration and spread of factors. In more than 40 years of reform and opening-up in China, the market economy has brought about the rapid development of cities and improved the efficiency of resource allocation, but it has also resulted in an enlarged gap in economic development between regions due to the one-way flow of factors, as well as the segmented market caused by monopoly. Facing the requirement of the country to establish a unified domestic market, it is urgent for the less-developed areas with a low level of market development and a lack of policy support to promote the marketization of production factors, which is an important part in the establishment of dual circulation and a unified domestic market. In such a context, based on the interactive mechanism between territorial planning and production factors, this paper explores the response mechanism between the market-oriented reform of production factors and the territorial planning from six aspects: the marketization of natural resource assets and the delimitation of spatial rights and interests; resource allocation and the delimitation of the urban control line system; regional coordination and the promotion of regional industrial competitiveness; population flow and related public service facilities; urban-rural interaction and the determination of urban hierarchical and scale system; smart shrinkage and the marketization of rural collective land designated for business-related construction.
KEYWORDS:less-developed area; production factor; territorial planning; response mechanism
♦A STUDY ON CHANGES OF URBAN DEVELOPMENT LAND PER CAPITA IN CHINA AFTER THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE NEW STANDARD: FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF DEVELOPMENT LAND CONTROL
Author: DUAN Wenting; CHEN Youchuan; LI Wenxi; YUE Yong; ZHANG Ying
ABSTRACT: Proper control of urban development land growth is both an important prerequisite for realizing intensive, efficient, and healthy urban development and an urgent requirement for the second half of China’s urbanization. From the perspective of development land control, this paper analyzes changes of urban development land per capita and the proportion of cities exceeding the standard since the implementation of the new standard, finding that both continue to increase, and that there are obvious differences between cities of different levels and in different regions. This results in relatively great pressure of development land control. In addition, the paper examines the main factors affecting the percentage of urban development land per capita exceeding the upper limit via partial least square analysis, suggesting that socioeconomic development is also a factor apart from the original land use, location, and level of a city. Accordingly, it is recommended carrying out differentiated control of urban development land by taking into account a city's location and level, as well as making adjustments in accordance with the city’s social development, economic growth rate, public finance status, and other specific conditions.
KEYWORDS: urban development land per capita; change rate; proportion of cities exceeding the standard; percentage of land areas exceeding the upper limit; partial least square analysis
♦SPATIALLY HETEROGENEOUS DETERMINANTS OF RESIDENTIAL RENT IN BEIJING
Author:LIU Tao; LIU Jiajie; TANG Lin; CHEN Jiashi
ABSTRACT: The healthy development of the housing rental market is strongly related to residents’ happiness and is the key content of the housing system reform. Taking Beijing as an example, this paper analyzes the spatial differentiation characteristics and different influencing factors of residential rent based on GWR model. The results show as follows. (1) The spatial pattern of residential rent in Beijing has general characteristics of core-periphery gradient decreasing and high in the north and low in the south. There are also local high-value and low-value concentration areas. (2) The advantages of central location, the convenience of public transportation, and the quality, accessibility of the neighborhood conditions such as commerce, education, and leisure have a significant positive impact on residential rent. (3) The effects of various factors on rent vary greatly in space. The superposition of central location and employment opportunity distribution has an impact on residential rent, in which the positive impact of subway distribution is highlighted in the suburbs, and the influence of neighborhood condition shows strong spatial dependence in a small-scale life circle. Finally, the paper discusses the planning implications of the empirical results from the perspective of the balanced distribution of resources and the public demands.
KEYWORDS: residential rent; spatial differentiation; neighborhood condition; geographically weighted regression model; Beijing
♦SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF RAIL-TRANSIT ORIENTED GOVERNMENT-SUBSIDIZED HOUSING DEVELOPMENT: A CASE STUDY OF SHENZHEN
Author: ZHU Wenjian; DENG Yuanyuan; LI Xingxing
ABSTRACT: Locating government-subsidized housing estates in the surrounding area of the metro stations has become one of the planning strategies in many Chinese cities. Taking the government-subsidized housing projects completed in Shenzhen from 2011 to 2017 as examples, this paper makes an empirical analysis of the spatial relationship between government-subsidized housing and metro stations, and the convenience of the residents’ rail transit travel. The results show that the spatial distribution of government-subsidized housing in Shenzhen fails to reflect the strategy of locating around metro stations and distinctive disparity exists among different administrative districts. In term of the largest amount of publicly purchased housing and publicly leased government-subsidized housing, and the proportion of the population living under the coverage of rail transit stations is low. The distribution of public housing and rail transit lines is unbalanced, mainly concentrated around the metro stations of three rail lines. Most government-subsidized housing projects are distributed near the stations with large passenger flow in the morning peak hours. The accessibility to certain metro stations is poor, making it inconvenient for the residents. Rail transit-oriented government-subsidized housing could solve two major problems in regard to housing and travel, but due considerations should also be given to the following aspects: the time sequence of the rail transit construction and housing construction; the attention should be paid to the supply and distribution of different types of land use, so as to coordinate the spatial matching between land development and the utilization of rail transit; regarding the differences in the user groups of government-subsidized housing, the government-subsidized housing planning should be comprehensively evaluated and adjusted.
KEYWORDS: rail transit; government-subsidized housing; spatial distribution; degree of travel convenience; commuting; accessibility; Shenzhen
♦IDENTIFICATION AND MAPPING OF LANDSCAPE GENE IN HISTORIC AND CULTURAL VILLAGES AND TOWNS: A CASE STUDY OF DAYUWAN VILLAGE, HUANGPI DISTRICT
Author: YIN Zhiyi; LI Jingqi
ABSTRACT: China has a long history of agriculture and rural development. However, there is no clear technical route for the protection planning of historic and cultural villages and towns as a living fossil of rural cultural heritage, and the protection and inheritance of rural landscape is facing severe challenges. Landscape gene theory provides a new perspective to analyze the landscape characteristics of traditional villages from the viewpoint of natural science. Firstly, this paper analyzes the basic concept of landscape gene and its formation background. Then, it discusses the research status of landscape gene of historic and cultural villages and towns from the perspectives of landscape gene extraction and mapping, as well as GIS application. In the end, with Dayuwan Historic and Cultural Village as an example, the paper identifies and maps the landscape gene of the village, hoping to provide new thoughts for the protection and development of historic and cultural villages and towns in China in the process of urbanization.
KEYWORDS: landscape gene map; historic and cultural village and town; rural landscape; landscape gene; identification method
♦SPATIAL CHARACTERISTICS AND PLANNING STRATEGIES OF RURAL INDUSTRIES GUIDED BY INDUSTRIAL REVITALIZATION: A CASE STUDY OF THE URBAN PASTORAL COMPLEX IN THE DONGXIHU DISTRICT OF WUHAN
Author: WANG Meng
ABSTRACT: The core of rural revitalization lies in industrial revitalization, while industrial revitalization requires space guarantee. In the new era of in-depth interaction between urban and rural areas, rural industries are faced with difficulties in cross-border collaboration, accurate spatial matching, and startup and development of industries. To respond to the industrial evolution trend of production-marketing integration, efficient and scientific development, park-based management, headquarters-supported service, and standard branding, this paper analyzes the spatial characteristics of rural industry in different forms and proposes a three-level industrial space organization pattern of "functional town – featured countryside – agricultural-industrial collaboration park". On this basis, with Dongxihu Pastoral Complex as an example, the paper explores the strategy of building a virtuous cycle between city, town, village, and collaboration park within the pastoral functional unit through the measures of unit delimitation, unit decomposition, and flexible management and control.
KEYWORDS: rural revitalization; industrial space structure; pastoral complex; pastoral functional unit; planning strategy
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